What is TMJ?
TMJ is a term for the temporomandibular joint. It is the name of your jaw joint located on each side of the head. The left and the right TMJ work together in unison when you chew, speak or swallow and perform other related functions involving the movement of the lower jaw, called the mandible. This joint can move up and down and side to side as well as glide forward. There is a shock-absorbing disc which is a part of the TMJ and is located between the mandible and the bone of the skull that makes up the joint. The disc cushions the load placed on the jaw during function. It also moves along with the jaw as it glides forward to help you open your mouth wider. The pain in the TMJ area and the side of the face can come from the jaw joint and/ or the muscles that help move the jaw.
TMJ Disorders
TMJ Disorders or TMD, are a set of problems associated with the jaw Joint and its related structures. Any problem that prevents this complex system of muscles, ligaments, discs and bones from working properly may result in a painful TMJ disorder. This can interfere with eating, speaking, swallowing, chewing and other functions. Some of the symptoms include the following.
Jaw pain
Joint noises
Difficulty in opening the mouth
Locking or shifting of the jaw
Headache
Ear Pain
Neck Pain
Seeking treatment for these disorders can greatly improve the quality of your life.
Causes of TMJ Pain
Temporomandibular disorders often have more than one cause and you may experience multiple symptoms. Several of the following factors may be acting together to cause you pain and discomfort.
Injury to the jaw or face
Arthritis involving the jaw joint
Abnormal habits like teeth grinding, clenching, fingernail biting and chewing gum
Stress on the muscles from overstretching the jaw
Tooth and jaw misalignment, in rare instances
Psychological factors like emotional distress and anxiety
